Identification Of Quartz Stone Varieties

Amethyst: A purple crystal that is caused by the presence of trace amounts of iron in SiO2. When irradiated, one of the paired electrons in the electron shell of trivalent iron ions is excited, producing a hole color. The holes are mainly absorbed at visible light 550nm, causing the crystal to produce purple color. However, iron oxide is unstable and easily turns into trivalent iron when heated, so amethyst is prone to fading. The color distribution of amethyst is often uneven, appearing in clumps and sometimes parallel color bands. It has weak to moderate dichroism and may contain all the inclusions found in crystals, as well as characteristic "zebra stripes" and opaque dark inclusions in spherical or droplet shapes.
Huangjing: a yellow crystal composed of trace amounts of iron. Huangjing is generally more transparent and has the same internal characteristics as amethyst. Most of the Huangjing on the market is made by heating amethyst.
Green crystal: a type of green crystal that is rarely naturally produced and is mainly obtained by heating amethyst; Or crystals containing green minerals (such as chlorite) are enveloped and colored.
Furong stone: also known as rose quartz, is a light to medium pink crystal with a lighter color tone due to the presence of trace amounts of Mn and Ti in its composition. It has fewer single crystals and is usually a dense block like aggregate with a cloudy and milky appearance. Sometimes it may contain oriented needle shaped hematite inclusions, which can be ground into curved gemstones to display starlight.
Bicolor crystal: a crystal in which purple and yellow coexist, with purple and yellow occupying a part of the crystal block respectively. The junction of the two colors has a clear boundary. Bicolor is caused by the twin crystals inside the crystal, with purple and yellow developing on the r and z planes of the twin crystals, respectively.
Starlight crystal: When the crystal contains two or more sets of needle shaped or fibrous inclusions arranged in a directional manner, its curved gemstone surface can display the starlight effect, usually six rays of starlight, or even four rays of starlight.
Dongling stone: It is a type of quartzite with a sand stone effect, commonly found in the market as green Dongling stone containing chromium mica. It is slightly transparent under a microscope and is mainly produced in India. Quartz particles are relatively coarse, ranging from 0.1-0.6mm, and contain relatively large sheet-like minerals that are roughly oriented and arranged. Under the Charles filter, it appears slightly brownish red.
Miyu: Named after its production in Mi County, Henan Province, it is a dense quartzite containing 3-5% small scale like sericite, mainly in the green series, including light green, emerald green, and pea green. Compared with Dongling stone, Mi Yu is finer and denser, with quartz particles mainly ranging in size from 0.02 to 0.25mm. There is no obvious sand stone effect, and when enlarged, small green mica can be seen uniformly distributed in a network at higher magnification.
Guicui: Named after its production in Guizhou Province, it is a fine-grained quartzite containing green kaolinite, which has an uneven gray tone and is generally used as low-grade jewelry.
Jingbaiyu: Named after its initial production in the suburbs of Beijing, it is a delicate and glossy white quartzite that is sometimes used to impersonate sheep fat white jade, distinguished by its lower density and refractive index.
Jade pulp: a collection of ultra microscopic cryptocrystalline quartz, with single crystals in fibrous form, filled with water and bubbles in the intergranular micropores, with a density lower than quartz, about 2.60g/cm3. Due to its porous structure, chalcedony is easy to dye, and brightly colored chalcedony commonly found in the market is dyed. It is worth mentioning that the dyed jadeite has a relatively stable color and is also a low-grade jade. The national standard specifies optimization and does not require further explanation.
Agate: A chalcedony with a ring like structure, sometimes with a hollow in the center of the ring or filled with crystalline material. Agate is most commonly found in natural colors of white and gray, but can also appear in shades of yellow brown, brownish red, blue, light purple, etc. The basic properties of agate are the same as those of chalcedony. According to the characteristics of the package, there are the following special varieties of color distribution.
Moss agate: It is a uniform, semi transparent chalcedony containing dendritic green chlorite or black manganese oxide and red iron oxide. The impurities wrapped around are often moss like and are generally used as ornamental stones, also known as landscape agate, which is a valuable variety of agate.
Onyx: also known as banded agate, is a type of agate with relatively simple colors and relatively straight stripes. Usually used for stone carving and relief, common agates can have black alternating stripes or red and white alternating stripes. When the stripes of onyx are as thin as silk, it is called wrapped agate.
Water gall agate: It is a type of agate that contains visible gas-liquid inclusions that move when rotated.
Jadeite: It is a type of jadeite with a high content of impurities, mainly iron oxide. Therefore, jadeite is often red, but there are also green, dark blue or black ones due to the presence of other impurities. Jade is opaque and has a dull luster. It is a type of jade with different colored stripes that complement each other, like a beautiful natural scenery. Jade is called scenic jade; A dark green jade with red dots on it is called Blooddrop Stone.
Australian jade: It is a green chalcedony that appears green due to its trace nickel content. It has a uniform color and is transparent to semi transparent. It is mainly produced in Australia.